David Fabregat-Safont, Marie Mardal, Juan V. Sancho, Félix Hernández, Kristian Linnet, María Ibá(n)ez. Metabolic profiling of four synthetic stimulants, including the novel indanyl-cathinone 5-PPDi, after human hepatocyte incubation[J]. Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 2020, 10(2): 147-156.
Citation: David Fabregat-Safont, Marie Mardal, Juan V. Sancho, Félix Hernández, Kristian Linnet, María Ibá(n)ez. Metabolic profiling of four synthetic stimulants, including the novel indanyl-cathinone 5-PPDi, after human hepatocyte incubation[J]. Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 2020, 10(2): 147-156.

Metabolic profiling of four synthetic stimulants, including the novel indanyl-cathinone 5-PPDi, after human hepatocyte incubation

  • Publish Date: Apr. 15, 2020
  • Synthetic cathinones are new psychoactive substances that represent a health risk worldwide. For most of the 130 reported compounds, information about toxicology and/or metabolism is not available, which hampers their detection (and subsequent medical treatment) in intoxication cases. The principles of forensic analytical chemistry and the use of powerful analytical techniques are indispensable for stab-lishing the most appropriate biomarkers for these substances. Human metabolic fate of synthetic cathinones can be assessed by the analysis of urine and blood obtained from authentic consumers;however, this type of samples is limited and difficult to access. In this work, the metabolic behaviour of three synthetic cathinones (4-CEC, 4-CPrC and 5-PPDi) and one amphetamine (3-FEA) has been evalu-ated by incubation with pooled human hepatocytes and metabolite identification has been performed by high-resolution mass spectrometry. This in vitro approach has previously shown its feasibility for obtaining excretory human metabolites. 4-CEC and 3-FEA were not metabolised, and for 4-CPrC only two minor metabolites were obtained. On the contrary, for the recently reported 5-PPDi, twelve phase I metabolites were elucidated. Up to our knowledge, this is the first metabolic study of an indanyl-cathinone. Data reported in this paper will allow the detection of these synthetic stimulants in intoxi-cation cases, and will facilitate future research on the metabolic behaviour of other indanyl-based cathinones.
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    1. Ibáñez, M., Mata-Pesquera, M., Fabregat-Safont, D. et al. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for comprehensive research of new psychoactive substances. Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry, 2024. doi:10.1016/bs.coac.2024.10.009
    2. Wang, Y., Yang, Y., Zhan, Y. et al. Pharmacokinetics and metabolomics of the new psychoactive substance 4-chloroethylcathinone. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 2023, 16(9): 105039. doi:10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.105039
    3. Kemenes, K., Hidvégi, E., Szabó, L. et al. Metabolism of the Synthetic Cathinone Alpha-Pyrrolidinoisohexanophenone in Humans Using UHPLC–MS-QToF. Journal of Analytical Toxicology, 2023, 47(3): 253-262. doi:10.1093/jat/bkac085
    4. Fabregat-Safont, D., Gracia-Marín, E., Ibáñez, M. et al. Analytical key issues and challenges in the LC-MS/MS determination of antibiotics in wastewater. Analytica Chimica Acta, 2023, 1239: 340739. doi:10.1016/j.aca.2022.340739
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    6. Fabregat-Safont, D., Mata-Pesquera, M., Barneo-Muñoz, M. et al. In-depth comparison of the metabolic and pharmacokinetic behaviour of the structurally related synthetic cannabinoids AMB-FUBINACA and AMB-CHMICA in rats. Communications Biology, 2022, 5(1): 161. doi:10.1038/s42003-022-03113-5
    7. Ishii, H., Yokoyama, A., Saito, K. et al. Synthesis and analytical differentiation of a novel synthetic cathinone 1-(2, 3-dihydro-1H-inden-5-yl)-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-1-one (5-PPDI) and its regioisomers. Forensic Chemistry, 2022, 27: 100393. doi:10.1016/j.forc.2021.100393
    8. Minaeva, V.A., Karaush-Karmazin, N.N., Panchenko, A.A. et al. Hirshfeld surfaces analysis and DFT study of the structure and IR spectrum of N-ethyl-2-amino-1-(4-chlorophenyl)propan-1-one (4-CEC) hydrochloride. Computational and Theoretical Chemistry, 2021, 1205: 113455. doi:10.1016/j.comptc.2021.113455
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    10. Lopes, B.T., Caldeira, M.J., Gaspar, H. et al. Metabolic Profile of Four Selected Cathinones in Microsome Incubations: Identification of Phase I and II Metabolites by Liquid Chromatography High Resolution Mass Spectrometry. Frontiers in Chemistry, 2021, 8: 609251. doi:10.3389/fchem.2020.609251

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