A review of research methods for elucidating the microstructure of pharmaceutical preparations

Peng Yan; Zhiyuan Hou; Jinsong Ding

doi:10.1016/j.jpha.2024.101156

Volume 15 Issue 5

Jun. 2025

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Peng Yan, Zhiyuan Hou, Jinsong Ding. A review of research methods for elucidating the microstructure of pharmaceutical preparations[J]. Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 2025, 15(5): 101156. doi: 10.1016/j.jpha.2024.101156

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Peng Yan, Zhiyuan Hou, Jinsong Ding. A review of research methods for elucidating the microstructure of pharmaceutical preparations[J]. Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 2025, 15(5): 101156. doi: 10.1016/j.jpha.2024.101156

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A review of research methods for elucidating the microstructure of pharmaceutical preparations

doi: 10.1016/j.jpha.2024.101156

a. Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410006, China;
b. Changsha Jingyi Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., Changsha, 410006, China

Received Date: Jun. 29, 2024
Accepted Date: Nov. 20, 2024
Rev Recd Date: Oct. 07, 2024
Publish Date: Nov. 26, 2024

Abstract

Abstract

The microstructures of pharmaceutical preparations play a pivotal role in determining their critical quality attributes (CQAs), such as drug release, content uniformity, and stability, which greatly impact the safety and efficacy of drugs. Unlike the inherent molecular structures of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and excipients, the microstructures of pharmaceutical preparations are developed during the formulation process, presenting unique analytical challenges. In this review, we primarily focus on presenting the research methods used to elucidate the microstructures of pharmaceutical preparations, including X-ray imaging (XRI), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Raman spectroscopy, infrared (IR) spectroscopy, and rheometer technology. Subsequently, we highlight the applications, advantages, and limitations of these methods. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and future perspectives in this field. This review aims to provide a comprehensive reference for understanding the microstructures of pharmaceutical preparations, offering new insights and potential advancements in their development.
- Microstructure,
- Pharmaceutical preparation,
- Critical quality attributes,
- Research methods

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References(145)

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